-PITAGORAS-MATEMATICO Y FILOSOFO GRIEGO-
-FILEALIEN-46-Año 2-Rosario-Argentina-Si te preguntan, ¿quién fue el autor del Teorema de Pitágoras? Obviamente contestas que Pitágoras, ¿no? Pensarías que estamos haciendo una de esas preguntas capciosas tipo, ¿de qué color era el caballo blanco de Napoleón? ¿Cierto? Pues no.
Resulta que la realidad histórica es muy diferente a lo que hemos creído durante años, pues el Teorema de Pitágoras fue aplicado mucho antes de que incluso naciera el matemático y filósofo griego Pitágoras.
Al parecer, el teorema fue utilizado diez siglos antes de que el filósofo naciera, en Babilonia, Egipto y la India, indica queaprendemoshoy.com.
El sitio web sobrecuriosidades.com explica por qué el teorema lleva su nombre. Resulta que en el año 520 a. C., Pitágoras emigró a Crotona para formar la "Hermandad Pitagórica", donde se llegaron a reunir hasta 300 discípulos.
Los miembros de la escuela estaban regidos por reglas estrictas. Los estudiantes debían mantener un período de silencio durante cinco años, en el cual sólo podían escuchar al maestro, pero no verlo. Se les llamaba "externos". Cuando lograban pasar los cinco años, tenían derecho de ver al maestro y eran llamados "internos", menciona articulo.org, que explica a detalle la escuela.
La enseñanza era verbal y se preparaba a los discípulos para que recibieran una sabiduría mucho más elevada al raciocinio, pues parte de la preparación iba dirigida al alma y al espíritu; así se le permitía al estudiante llegar a ciertos estados que le ayudarían a superar el conocimiento racional que ya había aprendido anteriormente.
Y es que hay que recordar que precisamente en la escuela de Pitágoras nace la palabra "filósofo", que significa "el que ama la sabiduría".
Los miembros se dividían en Acusmáticos, Matemáticos y Los Físicos, quienes no podían hablar sobre los logros que se llevaban a cabo en la escuela. La hermandad tenía un carácter secreto, así que comentar lo que sucedía podía significar la muerte, pues habían jurado silencio.
Ese pacto de silencio hizo que se conozca muy poco sobre el desarrollo del pensamiento pitagórico, pues tampoco se escribió nada. Sin embargo, la escuela hizo diversas e importantes aportaciones a la sociedad; por ejemplo, estructuró el conocimiento en cuatro ramas: la música, la aritmética, la astronomía y la geometría.
Respecto al Teorema de Pitágoras, es uno de los que cuenta con un mayor número de demostraciones diferentes, utilizando diferentes métodos, algunos autores proponen hasta mil demostraciones.
No obstante, Pitágoras dio la demostración final del teorema y su converso: si los lados de un triángulo respetan la ecuación, entonces el triángulo es rectángulo. Sistematizó la relación entre los catetos y la hipotenusa en los triángulos rectos en una fórmula matemática, explica educarchile.cl.
Pitágoras intentó comprender los números, no sólo utilizarlos como lo hicieron en Babilonia, Egipto y la India que sólo hacían uso de las matemáticas en un sentido práctico, sin preguntarse porqué funcionaban.
Pitágoras fue mucho más adentro, pues en su hermandad... "La práctica del silencio, la influencia de la música y el estudio de las matemáticas eran considerados como instrumentos y medios ideales para la formación y la educación del alma."
Al intentar conciliar las matemáticas con la filosofía, llegó a dar con la demostración del teorema, dando uno de los más grandes aportes matemáticos en la historia accidental. De ahí que el teorema lleva su nombre.-Fuente:ElUniversalde10.mx-INVESTIGACION-EDICION:ALBERTO COSTACURTA GROSSETTI Y CORRESPONSALES DE FILEALIEN- http://filealien-46.blogspot.com http://laideadedios.blogspot.com Correo de contacto: arnold462009@hotmail.com-
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